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Operation Coffee Cup
Operation Coffee Cup was a campaign conducted by the American Medical Association (AMA) during the late 1950s and early 1960s in opposition to the Democrats' plans to extend Social Security to include health insurance for the elderly, later known as Medicare. As part of the plan, doctors' wives would organize coffee meetings in an attempt to convince acquaintances to write letters to Congress opposing the program. The operation received support from Ronald Reagan, who in 1961 produced the LP record ''Ronald Reagan Speaks Out Against Socialized Medicine'' for the AMA, outlining arguments against what he called socialized medicine. This record would be played at the coffee meetings.
==Background==
The AMA had long opposed any government-run or subsidized provision of health care. Dr. Morris Fishbein, the AMA’s president, described the organization’s attitude as early as 1939:
...all forms of security, compulsory security, even against old age and unemployment, represent a beginning invasion by the state into the personal life of the individual, represent a taking away of individual responsibility, a weakening of national caliber, a definite step toward either communism or totalitarianism.〔 ("Operation Coffeecup: Reagan, the AMA, And the First 'Viral Marketing' Campaign ... Against Medicare" ), ''Huffington Post'', 25 May 2011. Retrieved on 27 October 2014.〕
As John F. Kennedy took the presidency, one of his priorities was reform of the American health care system. To that end he sent a health care bill to Congress, HR 4222, known as the King-Anderson legislation after its sponsors (Senator Anderson and Rep. Cecil King, of California). 〔 ("Social Security History" ), ''SocialSecurity.gov'', Retrieved on 27 October 2014.〕 〔 ("TexasBestGrok: Operation Coffeecup" ), 23 July 2004. Retrieved on 27 October 2014.〕 The bill provisioned a significant expansion of the government’s role in caring for the elderly, including features of what would eventually become Medicare.
Former Alaskan Governor Sarah Palin paraphrased Ronald Reagan from the 1961 album during the 2008 Vice-Presidential debate, "It was Ronald Reagan who said that freedom is always just one generation away from extinction. We don’t pass it to our children in the bloodstream; we have to fight for it and protect it, and then hand it to them so that they shall do the same, or we’re going to find ourselves spending our sunset years telling our children and our children’s children about a time in America, back in the day, when men and women were free." 〔(NY Times attributes Palin's quote of Reagan to Operation Coffeecup ) 〕 Reagan did not actually use the phrase "freedom is never more than one generation away from extinction" in this speech. That came in his address to the annual meeting of the Phoenix Chamber of Commerce, on 30 March 1961.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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